Employment from renewable energy in Germany: expansion and operation – now and in the future
The impacts on employment of an increased use of renewable energy have been assessed in the short and long run. Special focus was set on gross employment in the sectors production of plants for using renewable energy, operation and service of this sector and supply of bio fuels. In the long run, net effects for the total economy including employment have been calculated with the macro-econometric model PANTA RHEI taking negative effects like substitution and budget effects into account. The simulation model integrates energy, environmental and economic aspects in a consistent modeling framework. The model PANTA RHEI serves as a base for quantifying the effects of a business-as-usual scenario and different scenarios of a more ambitious use of renewable energy.