Private households use approximately 121 liters of drinking water per day, mainly for bathing and showering (39%), flushing toilets (30%) and washing clothes (13%).[1] Disposal is mainly carried out via the public sewer system. Sewage…

The last twelve years have been characterized by strong demand for German goods and services and, as a result, for labor, despite a shortage of unemployed workers.

On the supply side, the number of people in employment has risen during…

Lower Saxony has important prerequisites for a hydrogen economy – from wind energy and extensive storage capacities to import infrastructure. A new study uses scenario analysis to show the effects that the development of a hydrogen…

The results of the time use survey conducted by the Federal Statistical Office are integrated into the INFORGE model and initial projections are made for the years up to 2030. The model experiment shows that:

• There is no quid pro quo: if…

Political provisions allow defence spending to be largely exempt from the debt brake. In addition, NATO's goal is to increase the defence budget to 5% of GDP. Against the backdrop of these developments, GWS Kurzmitteilung 2025/7 examines…

The impacts of climate change and extreme weather events are becoming more and more evident in Europe and warming is occurring much faster than previously thought. Despite the necessary mitigation and decarbonisation efforts, the global…

The recently published brief “Ökolandbau – im Kontext des Modells INFORGE” deals with the structural changes associated with the expansion of organic farming. It focuses in particular on changes in the use of intermediate inputs and in…

When the wind blows, wind turbines produce electricity, electricity prices fall and demand for electricity rises – throughout Germany. However, since most of the electricity is produced in northern Germany and cannot be transmitted to…

Since 2022, the construction industry has been caught between low order numbers due to high construction and financing costs and the continuing high demand for additional living space. In May of this year, the Federal Institute for…

Even after the turnaround, Germany faces numerous future-oriented challenges - not only in the areas of debt, migration and security policy that are often discussed in election campaigns. The ongoing transformation towards a socially and…