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The new RIMES model – input-output tables and a scenario framework at the German district level
A successful energy transition requires systemic changes and long-term investment in energy, heating and mobility systems. It must be implemented successfully at a regional level. To demonstrate the regional impact, detailed modelling of…
5-days hands on training on the e3.mn model and simulation of climate finance adaptation and mitigation in Mongolia
During the week of October 6–10, 2025, an interactive training session organized by GIZ and conducted by GWS was held on topics related to the Mongolian E3 (economy-energy-emissions) model e3.mn, attended by partners from the Bank of…
Steady increase in wastewater disposal costs
Private households use approximately 121 liters of drinking water per day, mainly for bathing and showering (39%), flushing toilets (30%) and washing clothes (13%).[1] Disposal is mainly carried out via the public sewer system. Sewage…
Industry loyalty or flexibility?
The last twelve years have been characterized by strong demand for German goods and services and, as a result, for labor, despite a shortage of unemployed workers.
On the supply side, the number of people in employment has risen during…
The green hydrogen transformation in Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony has important prerequisites for a hydrogen economy – from wind energy and extensive storage capacities to import infrastructure. A new study uses scenario analysis to show the effects that the development of a hydrogen…
Carpe Diem – an economic perspective
The results of the time use survey conducted by the Federal Statistical Office are integrated into the INFORGE model and initial projections are made for the years up to 2030. The model experiment shows that:
- There is no quid pro quo: if…
Production of goods for the security and defence industry – a challenge for the regional economy?
Political provisions allow defence spending to be largely exempt from the debt brake. In addition, NATO's goal is to increase the defence budget to 5% of GDP. Against the backdrop of these developments, GWS Kurzmitteilung 2025/7 examines…
Climate crisis and sustainability – the impact of climate change on SDG indicators in Germany
The impacts of climate change and extreme weather events are becoming more and more evident in Europe and warming is occurring much faster than previously thought. Despite the necessary mitigation and decarbonisation efforts, the global…
Organic farming – in the context of the INFORGE model
The recently published brief “Ökolandbau – im Kontext des Modells INFORGE” deals with the structural changes associated with the expansion of organic farming. It focuses in particular on changes in the use of intermediate inputs and in…
Energy-intensive industry in electricity bidding zones
When the wind blows, wind turbines produce electricity, electricity prices fall and demand for electricity rises – throughout Germany. However, since most of the electricity is produced in northern Germany and cannot be transmitted to…